School of Law

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course focuses on international anti-corruption law, practice, and compliance. The course will review the history and substance of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practice Act (FCPA), the theoretical and political reasons for anti-corruption laws such as the FCPA, the interpretation of the FCPA by the courts and agencies that enforce it (the U.S. DOJ and SEC), the FCPA’s impact and influence on businesses, anticorruption compliance programs and investigation best practices, the proliferation of anticorruption laws and enforcement around the world, and arguments around FCPA reform.

Conducting and supervising investigations have become growing responsibilities of many types of attorneys and other professionals. The purpose of this course is to engage in a practical focus on the development of knowledge-based skills and practices that will benefit professionals in the acquisition and analysis of relevant facts to address and solve legal issues and problems. This experience-based course will provide an opportunity for students to learn about criminal, civil, and internal investigations from a practical, hands-on perspective. 

This course will explore law enforcement interactions with individuals and the ways in which constitutional constraints upon governmental investigative practices limit the use of evidence in criminal trials. In particular, students will examine interactions during police stops, searches and seizures, arrests and interrogation and will view all of these interactions in light of the rights conferred through the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.

This course will explore the legal and policy issues relating to the creation and dissolution of family relation- ships. Students will examine topics such as marriage requirements, co-habitation, marital contracts, property distribution upon divorce, spousal support, child custody and child support.

This course will expose each student to key types of white collar offenses within the context of a focus on ethics and compliance, all through learning how to investigate, prosecute, and defend white collar cases, as well as how to prevent or minimize such cases in any organization. Topics may include conspiracy, mail and wire fraud, bribery and computer and internet fraud, and money laundering. Guest speakers will participate on a regular basis. A critical component of the course will be experiential learning.

This course will introduce students to the law governing the transmission of property following death. Students will examine the justifications and limitations on the power to transmit one's property, the operation of intestacy statutes, the capacity to make a will, the requirements of a valid will, the construction of wills, and the inter-vivos trust and other will substitutes.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

This course will examine how civil litigation is conducted from the initiation of a lawsuit to its final resolution in a trial court. Students will examine issues relating to pleadings, joinder of claims and parties, discovery, summary judgment, motions for judgment as a matter of law, motions for a new trial, post-trial motions, and ethical limitations on pleadings and motions. The course may include a brief introduction to subject matter and/or personal jurisdiction.

This course will examine how civil litigation is conducted from the initiation of a lawsuit to its final resolution in a trial court. Students will examine issues relating to pleadings, joinder of claims and parties, discovery, summary judgment, motions for judgment as a matter of law, motions for a new trial, post-trial motions, and ethical limitations on pleadings and motions. The course may include a brief introduction to subject matter and/or personal jurisdiction.

This course will examine how civil litigation is conducted from the initiation of a lawsuit to its final resolution in a trial court. Students will examine issues relating to pleadings, joinder of claims and parties, discovery, summary judgment, motions for judgment as a matter of law, motions for a new trial, post-trial motions, and ethical limitations on pleadings and motions. The course may include a brief introduction to subject matter and/or personal jurisdiction.

This course will examine how civil litigation is conducted from the initiation of a lawsuit to its final resolution in a trial court. Students will examine issues relating to pleadings, joinder of claims and parties, discovery, summary judgment, motions for judgment as a matter of law, motions for a new trial, post-trial motions, and ethical limitations on pleadings and motions. The course may include a brief introduction to subject matter and/or personal jurisdiction.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course introduces the analysis and writing skills essential for practicing lawyers. Students will learn to think logically and precisely about the law, and will learn how lawyers read, analyze, organize, write, and rewrite legal documents. These skills will help students analyze the law and write about specific fact situations in a way that meets legal readers’ expectations. This is a hands-on, practice-oriented course. Students will complete writing exercises, practice citation form, and edit their written work. Major written work will consist of at least two objective legal memoranda and a persuasive legal brief.

This course will cover fundamental issues associated with the law of property. Students will examine the rights arising from various interests in property, the concept of possession and how possession is acquired and protected and the ways in which possession is transferred, shared and divided. Additionally, students will explore the right to use or restrict the use of property. In the context of property law, students will explore various aspects of law- yering such as interviewing and counseling, fact invest- igation, dispute resolution, problem-solving and profess- ional responsibility.

This course will cover fundamental issues associated with the law of property. Students will examine the rights arising from various interests in property, the concept of possession and how possession is acquired and protected and the ways in which possession is transferred, shared and divided. Additionally, students will explore the right to use or restrict the use of property. In the context of property law, students will explore various aspects of law- yering such as interviewing and counseling, fact invest- igation, dispute resolution, problem-solving and profess- ional responsibility.

This course will cover fundamental issues associated with the law of property. Students will examine the rights arising from various interests in property, the concept of possession and how possession is acquired and protected and the ways in which possession is transferred, shared and divided. Additionally, students will explore the right to use or restrict the use of property. In the context of property law, students will explore various aspects of law- yering such as interviewing and counseling, fact invest- igation, dispute resolution, problem-solving and profess- ional responsibility.

This course will cover fundamental issues associated with the law of property. Students will examine the rights arising from various interests in property, the concept of possession and how possession is acquired and protected and the ways in which possession is transferred, shared and divided. Additionally, students will explore the right to use or restrict the use of property. In the context of property law, students will explore various aspects of law- yering such as interviewing and counseling, fact invest- igation, dispute resolution, problem-solving and profess- ional responsibility.

This course will examine the legal principles that determine whether civil liability will attach to conduct that results in injuries to persons or property. Students will explore in depth, the issues and principles related to the law of neg- ligence and its elements of duty, breach, causation and damages. The course will also address principles of liability for intentional torts. Throughout the course, students will explore the social and economic policies underlying tort law principles.

This course will examine the legal principles that determine whether civil liability will attach to conduct that results in injuries to persons or property. Students will explore in depth, the issues and principles related to the law of neg- ligence and its elements of duty, breach, causation and damages. The course will also address principles of liability for intentional torts. Throughout the course, students will explore the social and economic policies underlying tort law principles.

This course will examine the legal principles that determine whether civil liability will attach to conduct that results in injuries to persons or property. Students will explore in depth, the issues and principles related to the law of neg- ligence and its elements of duty, breach, causation and damages. The course will also address principles of liability for intentional torts. Throughout the course, students will explore the social and economic policies underlying tort law principles.

This course will examine the legal principles that determine whether civil liability will attach to conduct that results in injuries to persons or property. Students will explore in depth, the issues and principles related to the law of neg- ligence and its elements of duty, breach, causation and damages. The course will also address principles of liability for intentional torts. Throughout the course, students will explore the social and economic policies underlying tort law principles.

This course focuses both on human dignity and moral reasoning. It is designed to equip students to discern and articulate connections between law, social justice, and morality. It introduces students to the foundational moral commitments that shape the structure of our system of justice and the multiple roles of the lawyer in administering that system, including some reflections on the role that faith and morality play in framing our understanding of what it means to be a lawyer. The class also specifically addresses how to improve one’s understanding and ability to work with people from different cultural contexts.

This course focuses both on human dignity and moral reasoning. It is designed to equip students to discern and articulate connections between law, social justice, and morality. It introduces students to the foundational moral commitments that shape the structure of our system of justice and the multiple roles of the lawyer in administering that system, including some reflections on the role that faith and morality play in framing our understanding of what it means to be a lawyer. The class also specifically addresses how to improve one’s understanding and ability to work with people from different cultural contexts.

This course focuses both on human dignity and moral reasoning. It is designed to equip students to discern and articulate connections between law, social justice, and morality. It introduces students to the foundational moral commitments that shape the structure of our system of justice and the multiple roles of the lawyer in administering that system, including some reflections on the role that faith and morality play in framing our understanding of what it means to be a lawyer. The class also specifically addresses how to improve one’s understanding and ability to work with people from different cultural contexts.

This course focuses both on human dignity and moral reasoning. It is designed to equip students to discern and articulate connections between law, social justice, and morality. It introduces students to the foundational moral commitments that shape the structure of our system of justice and the multiple roles of the lawyer in administering that system, including some reflections on the role that faith and morality play in framing our understanding of what it means to be a lawyer. The class also specifically addresses how to improve one’s understanding and ability to work with people from different cultural contexts.

Through this course, non-lawyers will gain a better understanding of the ways that attorneys are trained to navigate complex situations. Careful reading and analysis of case law and statutes will prepare students to address the ambiguity of many scenarios that arise in compliance work, emphasizing the importance of critical thinking and argument. The course will also introduce students to the common law method by which doctrine is created; the importance and authority of statutes, codes, and regulations; and the structure of the U.S. legal system and its various actors and venues. The U.S. doctrines of contract and tort liability will form the substantive underpinning for the course, both because a knowledge of these areas is foundational for many later law courses and also because professionals working in the compliance field encounter these areas of law.

This course will introduce students to basic concepts in agency and partnership law as well as the law of corporations under the Model Business Corporation Act. Students will examine fundamental legal rights and duties between corporate shareholders, directors and officers. The course will cover the legal issues of both closely held and publicly held corporations, as well as those of hybrid organizations like limited liability partnerships. If time permits, students will learn the fundamentals of corporate finance and federal regulation of corporate share trading.

This course will introduce students to basic concepts in agency and partnership law as well as the law of corporations under the Model Business Corporation Act. Students will examine fundamental legal rights and duties between corporate shareholders, directors and officers. The course will cover the legal issues of both closely held and publicly held corporations, as well as those of hybrid organizations like limited liability partnerships. If time permits, students will learn the fundamentals of corporate finance and federal regulation of corporate share trading.

This course will consider the rules governing the proof of disputed issues of fact at trial. Students will examine rules relating to relevance, presumptions and burdens, wit- nesses, scientific and demonstrative evidence, character evidence, hearsay and privileges.

This course will consider the rules governing the proof of disputed issues of fact at trial. Students will examine rules relating to relevance, presumptions and burdens, wit- nesses, scientific and demonstrative evidence, character evidence, hearsay and privileges.

This course is designed to enhance study skills, exam-taking skills, and deductive and inductive reasoning skills and to help students organize and communicate complex legal materials in an effective manner.  This course is not a substitute for an outside bar review course, nor is it a substitute for any other course in the curriculum. Enrollment limited to second-year students, admitted by permission of the instructor.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will focus on the skills necessary for success- fully pursuing an appeal. After a brief introduction to the appellate process and its corresponding procedural rules, students will learn to evaluate a case for appeal, identify and narrow issues, develop a persuasive theory, and write an effective appellate brief. Additionally, students will present a 15-minute oral argument on their briefs to a moot court.

This course will introduce you to the basics of United States legal discourse including (1) how to read and brief cases; (2) how common law lawyers analyze, compare, and synthesize cases and interpret statutes; (3) how to write legal memoranda; (4) the basics of legal research (including use of secondary sources, ALRs, case reporters and digests); and (5) how to convey advice to a client in a letter. The class will also touch briefly on scholarly writing and law school exams.

This course will introduce students to the fundamentals of federal income tax law. Topics will include the nature of income, exclusions, deductions, and exemptions. Students also will examine the tax consequences of property trans- actions, capital gains and losses, and sales of business assets.

This course will examine issues of legal ethics and the professional responsibility of lawyers. Students will study the law governing the conduct of lawyers in areas like formation of the lawyer/client relationship, conflicts of interest, confidentiality, client communications and the lawyer's role within the adversarial process. Additionally, students will move beyond the legal rules and regulations to explore expanded and aspirational ideas of what a lawyer's role can and should be in the lawyer/client relationship, in the profession and in society.

This course will examine issues of legal ethics and the professional responsibility of lawyers. Students will study the law governing the conduct of lawyers in areas like formation of the lawyer/client relationship, conflicts of interest, confidentiality, client communications and the lawyer's role within the adversarial process. Additionally, students will move beyond the legal rules and regulations to explore expanded and aspirational ideas of what a lawyer's role can and should be in the lawyer/client relationship, in the profession and in society.

This class is a two-credit course focused on fundamental accounting principles. The objective of the course is to introduce financial accounting, finance, and audit concepts to law students who wish to have a basic working knowledge of these principles for a future litigation or transactional law practice. The course will help students understand and apply the basic language and theories of financial accounting, undertake basis accounting activities, and identify what business accountants and auditors do.

This interdisciplinary course explores the intersection of Catholic social teaching (CST) and law. The class will examine contemporary legal and public policy issues through the prism of CST. The first, foundational section of the course covers biblical and philosophical foundations for the Catholic Church’s conceptions of justice and mercy, regulation and freedom, truth and conscience. The class will explore the fundamental principles of CST as well as the Church’s role in proposing moral principles in the public square. The second, longer section of the course involves praxis and application of principles. Students will examine specific issues through the prism of CST. These may include abortion; religious liberty; economic policy and labor rights; immigration policy; health care policy; and environmental policy. Students will explore a topic of their choosing in depth in a longer research paper as part of the course.

This course will examine the powers and limits of federal courts, with a focus on the federal courts' relationship to state courts (federalism) and to Congress and the federal executive branch (separation of powers). Topics will include standing to sue, the power of Congress to restrict the jurisdiction of the federal courts, the obligation of federal courts to apply state law, abstention by the federal courts in favor of state court decision making, the federal courts' power to issue writs of habeas corpus, constitutional limits on suits against states and a brief introduction to 42 U.S.C. 1983 and other leading federal civil rights statutes.

This course is designed to enhance study skills, exam-taking skills, and deductive and inductive reasoning skills and to help students organize and communicate complex legal materials in an effective manner. Materials will be drawn from the legal topics tested in common on the bar examination of nearly all American jurisdictions. Students will be graded on in-class quizzes, writing exercises, and Multistate Bar Examination exercises, and a final exam with components of the above plus a Multistate Performance Test question. This course is not a substitute for an outside bar review course, nor is it a substitute for any other course in the curriculum. Enrollment limited to 20 third-year students each semester, admitted by permission of the instructor.

This course introduces the ideas, methods, and institutions that make up the American financial markets. It examines the practices and operation of various markets, including those for corporate stock, debt, securitization, options, futures and commodities, as well as private investment funds and investment banking. The course further considers risk, financial crises, and regulation.

This course examines sentencing, the portion of the criminal process that often matters most to the defendant and to society. The course covers state law, federal law (including the federal sentencing guidelines), and the death penalty. Because far more cases result in a sentencing than go to trial, and because the doctrines and rules that control sentencing can be very complex, the subject is important and challenging. The course is useful for those planning to practice criminal law or those considering it, as well as for those considering federal judicial clerkships. Typically , the grade for the course is determined by a final exam and a sentencing exercise.

This course will examine the legal limits on administrative agencies under the Constitution, the Administrative Procedure Act and other statutes. Students will explore constitutional limits on Congress' power to delegate law- making and judicial power to agencies, procedural limits on agency rulemaking and decision making and limits on the availability and scope of judicial review of agency actions.

This course will introduce students to basic principles of bankruptcy law and practice. Students will explore topics like eligibility for bankruptcy, powers of the bankruptcy trustee, collection and distribution of the debtor's estate, rights of creditors and discharge of the debtor. Although the course will focus on individual bankruptcy under Chapter 7 of the bankruptcy laws, students will also examine issues of corporate reorganization under Chapter 11 and rehabilitation under Chapter 13.

This course will explore issues in forming, operating, and disposing of closely held businesses, building on the foundations laid in the Business Associations and Federal Income Taxation courses. Using readings, problem sets, class discussions, sample agreements, statutes, and regulations, students will explore the factors involved in selecting a sole-proprietorship, partnership, corporation, or limited liability company as the proper form for engaging in business. Students will draw on the experience of experts in the fields of investment banking, mergers and acquisitions, and corporate finance in examining issues related to the buying and selling of businesses. Students will learn how to draft documents relevant to these transactions. [Prerequisites: Federal Income Taxation and Business Associations]

This course will explore law enforcement interactions with individuals and the ways in which constitutional constraints upon governmental investigative practices limit the use of evidence in criminal trials. In particular, students will examine interactions during police stops, searches and seizures, arrests and interrogation and will view all of these interactions in light of the rights conferred through the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Eighth and Fourteenth Amendments.

Taught in conjunction with the Innocence Project of Minnesota, this course will educate students about the causes of wrongful convictions. As part of their midterm and final examinations, student will be required to evaluate in- mate applications for assistance submitted to the Innocence Project of Minnesota. Enrollment is limited to 20.

This course will explore the legal protections afforded to persons with disabilities. Through a focus on the federal Americans with Disabilities Act, Rehabilitation Act, and Individuals with Disabilities Education Act, students will examine the rights of individuals with disabilities in education, public accomodations, government programs, and the workplace. Students will evaluate critically the assumptions, philosophy, and tools that underlie the law's current approach and will consider alternative approaches. The course will give students substantial experience in using tools of statutory interpretation as they consider the applicable statutes and their emerging judicial interpretation.

This course will explore the legal and policy issues relating to the creation and dissolution of family relation- ships. Students will examine topics such as marriage requirements, co-habitation, marital contracts, property distribution upon divorce, spousal support, child custody and child support.

Health Law I is designed to introduce students to basic principles of health care law. The class will discuss legal principles surrounding the professional-patient relationship informed consent; liability of health care professionals; liability of health care institutions; quality control regulation of physicians and health care institutions; access to health care; the privacy rights of patients and the ability of government to regulate patient health care choices. The goals of the course are for students to understand the role of the legal system in health policy and health care delivery; the application of basic tort, contract and corporate law principles in the health care environment; and to gain a practical understanding of the interaction between the health system and the legal system.

This course will survey the major statutes protecting in- tellectual property - trademarks, copyrights, patents and trade secrets - together with related common law doctrines. The course will emphasize basic theories of legal protection as well as the limits on this protection that are designed to preserve a public domain of freely accessible inform- ation. The course will introduce students to practical as- pects of handling intellectual property, such as patent and trademark applications, licensing of intellectual property and handling of employee inventions. Students will explore the law's response to new technologies, the preemption of state laws by federal patent law, the impact of internation- al agreements covering intellectual property and the relationship of intellectual property to social justice and economic development.

This course will explore the legal problems that can arise in transactions involving goods, services or money across national borders. Students will analyze potential legal problems with international contracts and agreements, and they will examine governmental regulation of international trade in areas like intellectual property, anti-dumping duties and export controls.

This course will expose students to the civil pre-trial process - complaint, answer, discovery, despositions, motions and settlement.

This course will explore the historical development of religious liberty and issues arising under the Free Exercise and Establishment Clauses of the First Amendment, including religious exemptions from general laws, school vouchers and other forms of government aid to religious organizations, school prayer and other issues concerning religion in government settings, and the involvement of religion in politics.

This course will introduce students to the legal framework of patent law and important aspects of patent law practice and litigation. Students will explore topics like patentable subject matter, requirements for obtaining a patent, drafting of patent claims, suits for infringement of a patent and remedies for infringement. Additionally, students will examine the relationship between patent law and other forms of intellectual property protection.

This course will cover the law governing contracts for the sale of goods under Article 2 of the Uniform Commercial Code. Topics will include contract formation, including the statute of frauds and the parole evidence rule; express and implied warranties; the mechanics of performance, including transfer of title and tender; and remedies for breach of contract.

This course will explore the rights and duties of parties to secured transactions under Article 9 of the Uniform Com- mercial Code. Students will examine what remedies are avail- able to secured and unsecured creditors in the collection of debts and what rights remain with debtors in protecting their assets from creditors.

This course will examine federal and state securities laws that regulate the process of financing business by dis- tributing securities to the public. Topics will include the nature of a security, exemptions from registration, sec- urities distribution and trading, the functions of the Securities and Exchange Commission, registration and disclosure requirements, "blue sky" laws, proxy rules, broker/dealer regulation, the regulation of investment companies and civil liabilties. Prerequisite: Business Associations

This course will introduce students to the law governing the transmission of property following death. Students will examine the justifications and limitations on the power to transmit one's property, the operation of intestacy statutes, the capacity to make a will, the requirements of a valid will, the construction of wills, and the inter-vivos trust and other will substitutes.

This course will cover the theory and administration of the workers' compensation laws. Students will examine the rights and responsibilities of injured employees and their employers under workers' compensation and will learn about employer/employee relationships, employees' remedies apart from workers' compensation, the classification of risks and disability and death benefits.

This course will consider the major legal issues arising out of the employment relationship. Students will consider the employment-at-will doctrine and sources of employment law, and then will examine issues involving the establishment and terms of employment; the obligations of employers and employees; the regulation of pay, hours, and the workplace environment; the termination of employment; worker's compensation; and post-employment benefits such as unemployment compensation, ERISA, and social security.

This course will help students explore their role as counselors and servant leaders in an organizational setting. Using a case study methodology common in business schools, students will discuss cases and real-world problems with a focus on counseling and problem solving. After reflecting on their own values, students will examine the concept of leadership within the profession and will hear from numerous guest lecturers who are leaders in Minnesota's legal and corporate communities.

The course is a general introduction to choice of law and related areas. Topics covered include the traditional approach to choice of law; modern approaches, including interest analysis and the Second Restatement; constitutional constraints on choice of law, including the Full Faith & Credit Clause; the Erie doctrine and Klaxon; and the recognition of other state, foreign and international judgments. There is a final examination; no paper is required.

This course will explore the meaning of “justice” in the context of the law related to juvenile delinquency and policy. Students will learn how juvenile law developed, from the establishment of separate juvenile courts designed to meet the needs of youth, to an adversarial system designed to protect the rights of the youth and public safety. Students will examine how the juvenile system has responded  to the increase in violent crimes committed by juveniles as well as changing public perceptions of these youth. The course will examine the law as well as public policy issues relating to such topics as the right to representation and confrontation, cruel and unusual punishment, the transfer of juveniles to adult court, dual court jurisdiction, rehabilitation versus punishment, advances in brain science and psychology, and resiliency.

This course is for students who have an interest in public service and children’s issues. The course is designed to provide an overview of the process in civil cases involving child abuse and neglect. Students will learn the internal path of a child abuse case process for protecting children from further abuse or neglect. This course will explore the necessity of working with a multi disciplinary team of professionals in preparing a case for the court process as well as the necessary skills needed to communicate with child victims. The course will encourage observation of a civil child abuse case. Ethical responsibilities of prosecution will be addressed.

This course will examine perspectives on interviewing and counseling clients, with an emphasis on interviewing techniques, processes for facilitating and structuring inter -views, and active listening to clarify information and develop a relationship with a client. Students will learn to recognize psychological factors affecting the interviewing process, overcome client resistance and hostility and ident- ify legal issues and relevant facts. The course will develop skills through role playing and simulations. Students also will explore the ethical responsibilities of attorneys in the context of client counseling.

This course will examine perspectives on interviewing and counseling clients, with an emphasis on interviewing techniques, processes for facilitating and structuring inter -views, and active listening to clarify information and develop a relationship with a client. Students will learn to recognize psychological factors affecting the interviewing process, overcome client resistance and hostility and ident- ify legal issues and relevant facts. The course will develop skills through role playing and simulations. Students also will explore the ethical responsibilities of attorneys in the context of client counseling.

This course will teach trial preparation, technique and strategy. Through lectures, demonstrations and simulations, students will learn how to conduct pretrial negotiations, prepare and respond to motions, deliver opening and closing statements, introduce evidence, respond to objections and conduct direct and cross-examinations of witnesses. Prerequisite: LAWS 705

The advanced externship allows students to expand on a previous externship and to continue to develop both the necessary skills and substantive knowledge for professional success. Students will reflect on what they learned in their precious externship and outline, in consultation with the course instructor, semester goals for the advanced externship. Students are eligible for an advanced externship only if they have completed a previous externship semester. The advanced externship can be completed through either: (a) the same placement in the same externship program; or (b) a different placement in the same externship program. Externship students will be expected to track and complete 150 hours of work in this course, with at least 130 of those hours devoted to fieldwork, and students will participate in the classroom component as well. Enrollment in the externship is by application only. To be eligible for a credit-earning externship, a student must first complete a minimum of 28 credits of study. Externship students must be in good standing. Externship students may be subject to other prerequisites/policies as required by the placement.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 2L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

The LLM Mentor Externship incorporates two of UST Law’s curricular innovations -- the Mentor Externship Program and the Foundations of Justice course -- to provide LLM students a unique inside view of the American system of justice. Each LLM student is matched with a “mentor” who is active in the legal profession. This relationship is supplemented and supported by the MEFJP course, in which students explore the practical aspects of crafting a professional identity as a lawyer, and reflect together on the fundamental theoretical and moral principles that shape the identity of lawyers across different legal and social cultures. The MEFJP is tailored to help LLM students address the particular challenges of bridging the difference between the legal and social culture of the United States, and the different legal and social cultures in which the LLM students received their primary legal degrees.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Mentor Externship II is a year-long seminar course taken in fall and spring semester of the 3L year. The seminar integrates the student’s mentor fieldwork with small group coursework that reinforces the development of a trusted mentor relationship, core competencies and expectations of the profession, and other key relationships lawyers must manage. The course also incorporates individualized guidance to assist each student in his or her self-directed professional development journey.

Students in the Community Justice Project engage in legislative advocacy, problem-solving, legal research and writing, community outreach, and help to shape public policy on cutting-edge civil rights issues. Following the sub-Saharan African ideology of “Ubuntu,” students focus on creating systemic changes in the arenas of economic development, criminal justice, juvenile justice, reentry, and public education. The Community Justice Project also works to build bridges with stakeholders in community, local government, law enforcement, nonprofits, and philanthropy. Enrollment with permission only

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Under the supervision of a faculty member, a student may receive up to two hours of course credit for researching and writing a substantial paper on a topic of the student's own choosing. The student must receive the instructor's per- mission to enroll in this course and must meet periodically with the instructor for discussion, review and evaluation. Each faculty member may supervise the research of no more than five students each semester.

Advanced misdemeanor defense externship can be taken for one to three credits as determined by the student and instructor. One credit is equal to 50 hours of time, consisting of both fieldwork and classroom time. Advanced misdemeanor defense externship students will assist and train misdemeanor defense externship students in the courtroom setting. The advanced misdemeanor externship student(s) will attend the misdemeanor defense externship classes, which are dedicated to topics that are practiced by students in a moot courtroom setting (bail arguments, negotiations, guilty plea colloquies). In those classes, the advanced student(s) will conduct demonstrations, serve as judges, and provide feedback to students in the misdemeanor defense externship. Enrollment in the externship is by application only. To be eligible for a credit-earning externship, a student must first complete a minimum of 28 credits of study. Externship students must be in good standing. Externship students may be subject to other prerequisites/policies as required by the placement.