Graduate Thesis Archives

	Archived Research	Researcher
	A Comparative Analysis of Jazz Guitar Method Books in the Areas of Comping, Chord Voicings, and Chord Progressions The intent of this study was to determine how the concepts of comping, chord voicing, and chord progressions were introduced in jazz guitar method books. These three skills are vital in order for a guitarist to be a successful member of a jazz ensemble, often one of the only performing outlets in the public schools for a guitarist.	Samuel T. Bergstrom 12/01/2003
	An Investigation of the Causes and Frequency of Vocal Pitch Inaccuracy in Fourth and Fifth Grade Students and Strategies for Working with the Inaccurate Singer by Select Kodály Music Educators The purpose of this study was to investigate the causes and frequency of inaccurate singing in fourth and fifth-grade students and to determine pitch-matching strategies that select Kodály educators use to assist the inaccurate singer.	Heather P. Williams 12/01/2003
	Assessing Student Achievement: Current Practices of Elementary Classroom Music Teachers The intent of this investigation was to determine the assessment practices of elementary classroom music teachers for the purpose of assisting elementary music teachers in developing and implementing assessment practices in their teaching.	Janet Cruse Debelak 07/01/2003
	An Investigation of the Relationship Between Personality Type and Music Students' Practice Habits The purpose of this present study is to determine if there is a relationship between personality type and music students' practice habits.	Megan J. Calgren 05/01/2003
	An Examination of Strategies Used by Selected High-School Choral Students During Self-Guided Practice: An Analysis of Case Studies and Verbal Protocols The purpose of this study was to identify and describe the strategies used by high school choral students during self-guided practice sessions. Six students were chosen from a pool of students who identified themselves as able to autonomously learn six measures of a Latin piece.	Carolyn M. Loney 05/01/2003
	An Exploration of How Children Find Meaning in Poetry Through The Vehicle of Music The purpose of this study was to discover how the singing of music in a choral setting, through rehearsal and performance of a choral piece, provides a vehicle that helps children in their interpretation of the text.	Julie A. Aune 12/01/2002
	An Investigation of the Effectiveness of Traditional and Gestural Instruction on a Subject's Performance of an Expressive Element in a Musical Excerpt The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of traditional and gestural instruction on a subject's performance of an expressive element in a musical excerpt. The study also looked at the effectiveness of traditional and gestural instruction for each individual subject when performing an expressive element in a musical excerpt.	Dana Lynne Doty Sewall 12/01/2002
	Competitive Versus Non-Competitive Goal Structures: Analysis of Perceptions Relating to Self-Esteem Development And Musical Achievement Among Vocal Students Competition has existed since the beginning of time. Competition, in various forms, has seeped into our schools, classrooms, peer groups, and homes.	Angela Mae Warren 12/01/2002
	A Theoretical Comparison Between Similar Characteristics of the Major Principles of the Kodály-Inspired Method of Teaching Musical Literacy and the Major Principles of the Balanced Literacy Approach of Teaching Reading Literacy The intent of this study was to determine if there were similarities between the principles of the Kodály methodology in teaching musical literacy and the principles of the balanced literacy approach to teaching reading.	Corinne Ann Gransee 12/01/2002
	Case Study Analysis of Inner-City Kindermusik Students' Spatial and Interpersonal Characteristics The purpose of this investigation was to determine the evolutionary nature of inner-city preschool children's spatial and interpersonal characteristics in a Kindermusik program.	Susan Anderson Charles 07/01/2002
	An Investigation of the Use of Musical Language and the Elements of Cooperative Learning in a Multiage Music Class The purpose of the present study was to examine studentsí use of musical language and the elements of cooperative learning in a multiage music class.	Angela LaJoy 07/01/2002
	The Effect of Mothers' Cues on Preschool Children's Motor and musical Development in a Teaching Environment This study was an examination of the implications of oral, tactile, and modeling cues given by parents and the affects on the motor and musical development of children ages 24 months to 36 months in an early childhood classroom setting.	Leigh Ann Mock 07/01/2002
	Assessment Portfolios and Grading: An Examination of Student, Parent and Administrator Views Related to Processes Used in an Eighth-Grade Band Classroom The present study investigated assessment portfolio processes used in an eighth-grade band classroom from the perspectives of students, their parents and an administrator.	Katharine C. H. Sween 12/01/2001
	An Examination of Orff-Trained General Music Teachers' Use of Improvisation with Elementary School Children In order to gain perspective on the current status and spectrum of interpretations of the Orff-styled improvisational process, this study examined teachers with three levels of Orff-Schulwerk training in their beliefs and practices concerning strategies for teaching improvisation in the elementary school general music classroom.	Amy Beegle 07/02/2001
	An Investigation of the Effects of Sequenced Kodály Literacy-Based Music Instruction on the Spatial Reasoning Skills of Kindergarten Students This study is an investigation of the effects of sequenced Kodály literacy-based music instruction on the spatial reasoning skills of kindergarten students. Subjects in the pretest-posttest control group design were 54 kindergarten students who were enrolled in three kindergarten classes in a rural elementary community school.	Marlene K. Hanson 07/01/2001
	An Investigation of the Impact of Proposition 13 on California Fine Arts Education Including a Case Study of One School's Program The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact Proposition 13 has had on the fine arts education in the State of California between 1978 and 1996. The study further examined the impact that Proposition 13 budget cuts had on school curricula when financial decisions were left to each district's school board and to the administration and board of John Marshall Middle School of the Stockton Unified School District in particular.	Diane R. Gehling 07/01/2001
	The Effect of Specific Vocal Strategies on the Ability of Second-Grade Children to Improve Vocal Accuracy The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of specific vocal strategies utilized in the music instruction of second-grade students to increase vocal control thereby improving vocal accuracy. The subjects were 75 students from four second-grade classes.	Deborah J. Martin 07/01/2001
	A New Approach to Music Education in Greece: Traditional Music and Contemporary Practice in the First Grade This thesis is written for those music teachers in Greece who look for new paths in order to improve their teaching and to be able to have better results with their classes. For that reason, we shall make reference to three music educators, Dalcroze, Orff and Kodály. The differences and similarities of each approach are to be presented.	Spyridoula M. Dritsa 07/01/2001
	Developing Lesson Plans For Grades Kindergarten Through Five Based On An Arts Integration Partnership Program The exploration of cooperative learning in this study incorporated the use of the concept of rhythmic development.	Janna Thew 07/23/1999
	Fourth Grade Band and the National Standards: A Compositional Approach The subject of this study was how the teaching of composition can serve to address the National Standards in a beginning band program.	Merle Danielson 07/01/1999
	The Development and Implementation of Aural Perception Tasks to Examine the Musical Cognitive Strategies of Fourth Grade Students The purpose of this study was to develop aural perception tasks to examine the musical cognitive strategies of fourth grade students.	Nancy Hupper 07/01/1999
	Auditions and the Elementary School Choir: An Examination of Issues Identified by Select Elementary Music Specialists The elementary school choir is an opportunity for students to experience a choir, often for the first time.	Julie Kivell Overlie 07/01/1999
	The Development and Implementation of Integrated Thematic Instruction In A Third and Fourth Grade Music Classroom This study focuses on developing and implementing a unit of integrated thematic instruction in a multi-age third and fourth grade music classroom.	Deanna Welch 07/01/1999
	Making Curriculum Connections Integrating Elementary Classroom Music and Language Arts Researchers are beginning to uncover the mysteries of how the human brain processes and integrates information.	Sandra Knutson 12/01/1998
	An Investigation of Sixth Grade Students’ Memories of Early Childhood Music Experiences The purpose of this study was to investigate sixth grade students’ memories of early childhood music experiences and their attitude and interests in music today.	Susan Colletti 07/01/1998
	The Process of Composing: An Examination of Fifth and Sixth Graders' Struggle for Product This descriptive study was an investigation into how students learn to compose.	Anne Sherve-Ose 07/01/1998
	An Implementation and Preliminary Validation of the Assessment Package for Arts Performance Standard 6.1 A move toward standards-based education and performance-based assessments is one strategy used in educational reform today.	Nancy Stutzman 07/01/1998
	Recruiting and Retaining Males in an Urban Middle School Choral Program I greatly anticipated teaching in middle school with the prospect of directing mixed choruses, after having taught elementary school music for five years. Upon entering the middle school, I found that there were very few boys involved in the choral program.	Cheryl Reeves 07/01/1998
	A CORRELATIONAL STUDY BETWEEN THE STANFORD ACHIEVEMENT TEST AND THE INTERMEDIATE MEASURES OF MUSIC AUDIATION The purpose of this research study was to see if there would be a correlation between musical aptitude and reading achievement in one class of fifth grade students (n=16) enrolled in a rural public school.	Carma Kulish 07/01/1998
	Recording and Reporting Assessment in the Music Classroom The purpose of this paper was to provide an organized guide for teaching, assessing, and recording expected outcomes for fourth grade music students, with the primary focus on recording the results of the assessment.	Jennifer Cooper 07/01/1998
	THE EFFECTS OF A SEQUENCED MUSIC LITERACY BASED CURRICULUM ON THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE ACQUISITION OF HISPANIC THIRD GRADE BILINGUAL STUDENTS The purpose of this study was to determine if a sequenced, music literacy based approach in the general music classroom had any effect on the English language acquisition of Hispanic third grade bilingual students.	Jacqueline Kelly 07/01/1998
	AN IDENTIFICATION AND EXAMINATION OF SELECTED FACTORS IN THE GENDER COMPOSITION OF BEGINNING BAND PERCUSSION SECTIONS The purpose of this study was to examine selected factors that affect the allocation of males and females to the percussion sections of beginning bands.	Sonja Langsjoen 07/01/1998
	USING COOKSEY’S CHORAL PERFORMANCE RATING SCALES TO MEASURE THE EFFECT OF MOVEMENT AS A REHEARSAL TECHNIQUE ON CHORAL PERFORMANCE May 1998 The purpose of this study was to examine whether the use of movement as a choral technique is a significant factor in improving choral performance.	Lucinda Sexton 05/01/1998
	An Approach to Developing Musicianship Through Aural Skills in the Second Grade The results of this study underscore the value of including movement in concept development.	Julie Bright 12/01/1997
	THE ASSESSMENT OF THE MUSICAL DEVELOPMENT OF PRESCHOOL AGE CHILDREN USING A PORTFOLIO OF ASSESSMENTS With the publication of National Standards for Arts Education in 1994 (MENC), music educators were faced with a formal statement of what students should know and be able to do in the arts.	Constance Van Engen 12/01/1997
	A BEGINNING MUSIC CURRICULUM FOR HOME SCHOOLERS The purpose of this study was to provide an eclectic, experientially based music curriculum for home schoolers.	Lisa Graham 12/01/1997
	KOD´ALY AND MONTESSORI: MOTIVATIONAL MATERIALS AND ACTIVITIES FOR FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADE GENERAL MUSIC The purpose of this study was to discover which musical activities early adolescents would choose most often and find most motivating given individualized choices.	Anne Cota 07/01/1997
	DEVELOPING AN AGE APPROPRIATE RHYTHM SEQUENCE FOR THE FIFTH AND SIXTH GRADES The focus of this study was to create an age appropriate rhythm sequence to be used in the fifth and sixth grades.	Molly Aalfs 07/01/1997
	MUSIC EDUCATOR AS FIELDWORKER: THE COLLECTION OF EGYPTIAN CHILDREN’S SONGS The search for accessible world music children’s songs continues as global issues and communications intermingle and as music organization’s prescriptions, including the Music Educators National Conference’s National Standards for the Arts, require the incorporation of world music in the music classroom.	Rebecca Nerenhausen 07/01/1997
	FOSTERING RESILIENCY THROUGH MUSIC AND MOVEMENT: A BUFFER AGAINST THE STRESSES OF FAMILY CHANGE The purpose of this study was to investigate whether creative music and movement activities would help to increase resiliency in students experiencing acute situational stress due to family change.	Kristine Olson 07/01/1997
	FACTORS INFLUENCING CREATIVE EXPRESSION: REFLECTIONS ON A PERSONAL JOURNEY WITHIN THE ENVIRONMENT OF THE ORFF INSTITUT, SALZBURG, AUSTRIA The purpose of this study was to reflect upon factors which influence creative expression.	John Woodward 07/01/1997
	PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENTS FOR THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CURRICULUM July 1997 The purpose of this project was to develop and implement performance assessments that would evaluate musical understanding of melodic and rhythmic elements.	Ann Okins 07/01/1997
	AGE AND DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE ACTIVITIES FOR BEGINNING KINDERGARTEN The purpose of this paper was to examine at the available research for the musical development of five-year-old children and from that research develop practical activities for use in the kindergarten music classroom.	Kathy Cumming 05/01/1997
	DEVELOPING LESSONS TO TEACH MUSIC THROUGH STUDENTS’ MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES Howard Gardner’s (1983) theory of multiple intelligences suggests that every person possesses some degree of intelligence in seven different areas, including linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal.	Janelle Rau 05/01/1997
	Curriculum Integration: Making the Vital Music Connection The purpose of this study was to: 1) justify music as a necessary part of education’s core curriculum, and 2) demonstrate how curriculum integration, when properly implemented, strengthens the position of music programs in the curriculum, enriches the students and the teachers, and creates an active and personal environment where learning is meaningful and long lasting.	Glenda Bjorum 07/01/1996
	Using the Intermediate Measure of Music Audiation to Determine Rhythmic Aptitude: A Comparison by Grade Level and Gender The purpose of this study was to test the rhythmic aptitude of children in grades three and five using the Intermediate Measures of Music Audiation (IMMA) by Edwin E. Gordon (1986).	Debra Bouwman 07/01/1996
	ADDRESSING THE NATIONAL STANDARDS IN SIXTH GRADE BAND With the publication of the National Standards for Arts Education, music educators face the challenge of implementing and assessing these standards in a variety of music settings.	Lisa Sauer 07/01/1996
	MUSIC IN THE MULTIAGE PRIMARY CLASSROOM: DEVELOPING AND IMPLEMENTING AN ORFF SCHULWERK CURRICULUM The focus of this pedagogical study was to create a sequential music curriculum using the Orff Schulwerk approach for the multiage classrooms of the Aquila Primary Center in St. Louis Park, Minnesota.	Patricia Rice 07/01/1996
	BRINGING THE PLAYGROUND INDOORS: USING PLAYGROUND SINGING GAMES FOR NOTATION ACTIVITIES IN THE MUSIC CLASSROOM This study examined ways the playground singing games known to the students at an inner-city school in Minneapolis, Minnesota could be used as a source of song material (melodic and rhythmic patterns) for notation activities in the music curriculum.	Margaret Olsen 07/01/1996
	THE EFFECT OF DAILY SIGHT SINGING EXERCISES ON THE SIGHT SINGING ABILITY OF MIDDLE SCHOOL CHOIR STUDENTS The purpose of this study was to determine if daily sight singing exercises were effective in increasing the sight singing ability of sixth- and seventh-grade choir students.	Carolyn Sinclair 07/01/1996
	BUILDING LEARNING CONNECTIONS BETWEEN GENERAL MUSIC AND BEGINNING BAND: A MODEL FOR FIFTH GRADE The purpose of this study was to develop a model to help fifth-grade music students connect the skills and concepts learned in their general music class with those learned in their instrumental performance group.	Grace Peterson 07/01/1996
	INTEGRATION OF THE ORFF SCHULWERK PROCESS IN A MONTESSORI ENVIRONMENT: PARALLELS IN PHILOSOPHY AND PROCESS I have been the music director of the Montessori Center School in Santa Barbara, California since 1988.	Donna Massello-Chiacos 07/01/1996
	DEVELOPING A LISTENING LIBRARY OF WOMEN COMPOSERS FOR JUNIOR HIGH STUDENTS The purpose of this project was twofold: to provide student access to listening experiences of art music that possess the qualities which research has found to positively influence student music preferences, and to counteract the lack of gender-equitable materials in the music curricula by providing female role models in the field of composition.	Tracy Kay 07/01/1996
	AN APPROACH TO MUSIC LISTENING: STYLE ANALYSIS THROUGH COOPERATIVE LEARNING ACTIVITIES The National Standards document states that all children should be able to listen to, analyze and describe music.	Karin Werdahl 07/01/1996
	THE EFFECT OF RECORDER STUDY ON VOCAL PITCH-MATCHING ACCURACY IN THIRD- AND FOURTH-GRADE STUDENTS Singing in tune is a fundamental skill in the music classroom. This emphasis on the ability to match pitch with the voice requires that a great deal of class time be spent on singing.	Jennifer Hermsen 07/01/1996
	EXPLORATION OR EXPERTISE: THE ROLE OF GENERAL AND CHORAL MUSIC IN THE MIDDLE SCHOOL This thesis examines the purpose of vocal music courses in the middle school curriculum.	Jeff Zurkan 07/01/1996
	A HISTORY OF SELECT WOMEN COMPOSERS: APPLICATION AND RESOURCES FOR THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CLASSROOM The purpose of this paper was to include the music of women composers in the elementary music curriculum.	Linda Thill 07/01/1996
	EFFECT OF PRACTICE AND MEDIA ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF KINDERGARTEN BEAT COMPETENCY The purpose of this study was to examine the significance of practice towards beat competency within a short time span.	Francine Evens 07/01/1996
	Application of C.G. Jung’s Psychological Type With Dalcroze, Orff, and Kodály Methodologies	Molly Bragg 07/01/1996
	Music in the Core Knowledge Sequence: Evaluation and Recommendations for Multicultural Literacy in the Second Grade The selection of high quality musical content is an important goal for every music teacher.	Cheryl Cannard 07/01/1996
	WHOLISTIC INTEGRATION OF MUSIC AND LANGUAGE: ESSENTIAL COMPONENTS OF A BRAIN COMPATIBLE CURRICULUM FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS Current brain research has provided educators with new insights into how learning occurs.	Pamela Kearney 05/01/1996
	NOURISHING ACTIVE, INDEPENDENT LEARNERS: USING STUDENT REFLECTION IN THE MUSIC CURRICULUM TO ACHIEVE NATIONAL STANDARDS This paper explored how student reflection can be incorporated into a sequential music curriculum to achieve the content standards of the National Standards for Arts Education.	Steven Nurre 05/01/1996
	THE EFFECT OF VARIED USES OF GORDON’S LEARNING SEQUENCE ACTIVITIES ON FOURTH GRADERS’ MUSICAL APTITUDE PROFILE TEST SCORE The Musical Aptitude Profile (MAP) is a standardized test written by Dr. Edwin Gordon (1988).	Randy Edinger 12/01/1995
	KOREAN DRUMMING IN MIDDLE SCHOOL: ADAPTING AN AUTHENTIC SEQUENCE AND METHOD This project involved the study of nongak, a style of Korean folk music, as performed by Samul Nori, a well-known Korean drumming group and, in turn, the teaching of Samul Nori’s music to a class of middle school students at Seoul Foreign School.	Richard A. Huyge 07/01/1995
	THE DIAGNOSIS AND REMEDIATION OF OBSTRUCTED BEGINNING SINGERS USING A COLLABORATIVE REFLECTIVE ACTION PROCESS One of the problems facing elementary music educators is how best to facilitate those children who experience difficulty learning to sing. Singing remains a highly prioritized goal in elementary music education, yet the ubiquity, resilience and scale of the problem continues to be demonstrated in surveys of its incidence.	Susan M. Knight 07/01/1995
	HIGH POTENTIAL MUSIC CLASS: DEVELOPING A PROGRAM FOR FOURTH-FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS USING THE ORFF SCHULWERK APPROACH Children in America have the right to become the best that they can be. This means that public education has the duty of providing quality education and programs for children of all levels and abilities.	Lou Ann Schram 07/01/1995
	RAISING COMMUNITY AWARENESS ABOUT THE EFFECTS OF MUSIC EDUCATION ON GENERAL LEARNING The purpose of this study was to raise awareness of the community and school personnel regarding the effects of music education on general learning.	Nancy K. Wilcox 07/01/1995
	THE USE OF BACKGROUND MUSIC TO IMPROVE PITCH ACCURACY OF THIRD GRADE STUDENTS: A PILOT STUDY The purpose of this study was to determine if the pitch accuracy of 74 third-grade students would improve with the support of background music.	Maureen Ehrichs Schwab 07/01/1995
	DEVELOPING LEARNER OUTCOMES AND INSTRUCTIONAL STRATEGIES FOR TWO THIRD GRADE STUDENTS WITH DISABILITIES WHO ARE INCLUDED IN GENERAL MUSIC CLASSES: A CASE STUDY Integrating students with disabilities into a regular education classroom is a commonplace practice today.	Renea Schoenfelder 07/01/1995
	VOICE SKILL DEVELOPMENT IN PRESCHOOL EDUCATION: AN INTEGRATED APPROACH Just as children learn the skills of cutting with scissors, throwing and catching a ball, drawing a shape, or cooperating within the play group, they also learn to speak and to sing.	Rebecca C. Petrik 07/01/1995
	DEVELOPMENTALLY APPROPRIATE PRACTICE: THE CREATION, IMPLEMENTATION, AND ASSESSMENT OF LEARNING CENTERS IN THE KINDERGARTEN MUSIC CURRICULUM This study investigated music pedagogy and curriculum in early childhood education.	Deborah A. Imiolo-Schriver 05/01/1995
	CREATIVE DRAMA IN THE MUSIC Drama and music have long been intertwined in the adult world through media as varied as opera and MTV.	Lisa J. Kljaich 05/01/1995
	IMPROVISATION IN THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CLASSROOM: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY OF MENTORED AND NON-MENTORED TEACHERS AND THEIR STUDENTS Are children actually improvising in their elementary music classrooms? What skills do music teachers need to facilitate improvisation in their classrooms?	Mari N. Espeland 12/01/1994
	The Effect of a Music Listening Program on Elementary Students’ Preferences Toward Twentieth Century Music The purpose of this study was to find out whether music preference could be changed through a lesson taught about a particular piece of 20th century art music and through repeated listenings to that same piece of 20th century art music.	Linda Anderson Bongard 07/01/1994
	THE EFFECT OF THREE TEACHING PROCESSES ON THE ABILITY TO LEARN AND RETAIN XYLOPHONE MELODIES July 1994 This study was designed to examine the effect of three teaching processes on a child’s ability to accurately perform musical aspects of two instrumental melodies from Music for Children, Vol. I (Orff, adapted by Murray, 1958).	Deborah J. Follstaedt 07/01/1994
	MUSIC CONNECTIONS: A MODEL FOR FAMILY MUSIC MAKING Arts mirror the identity of a culture.	Benilee L. Luce 07/01/1994
	BASICS FOR HEALTHY VOCAL TECHNIQUE: A DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH FOR ELEMENTARY VOCAL MUSIC EDUCATORS Athletes would not even consider running a race without first physically warming up.	Diane K. Thompson Ryden 07/01/1994
	TEACHER INTENSITY IN THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CLASSROOM: CASE STUDIES OF MENTORED AND NON-MENTORED TEACHERS The purpose of this study was to determine if the Mentor Residency Program sponsored by the Institute for Contemporary Music Education at the University of St. Thomas, St. Paul, Minnesota, had an effect on teacher intensity.	Margaret Judge 07/01/1994
	BEGINNING FLUTE METHOD USING PEDAGOGICAL PHILOSOPHIES AND TECHNIQUES DERIVED FROM THE KODÁLY, ORFF AND DALCROZE APPROACHES TO MUSIC EDUCATION The purpose of this project was to develop an instrumental method book which utilizes elements of Kodály, Orff and Dalcroze approaches to music education.	Suzanne A. Draper 05/02/1994
	EXPERT, ARTIST, TEACHER: PROFESSIONAL GROWTH THROUGH REFLECTION The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of reflection in the acquisition of expertise in teachers of music.	Barbara J. Kettering 12/01/1993
	THE EFFECT OF THE MASTERY LEARNING MODEL ON LEARNING CONCEPTS IN THE KODÁLY CLASSROOM The purpose of this paper was to answer the question: Does the Mastery Learning Model motivate students in the Kodály Classroom to become involved in their own learning, and does it give the slower learners the time they need to master the material without limiting the faster learners?	Jill M. Halberg 07/01/1993
	ORFF SCHULWERK IN THE MIDDLE SCHOOL: A DEVELOPMENTAL APPROACH This paper proposes Orff Schulwerk as a developmentally appropriate vehicle for the middle school general music class.	Cary J. O’Reilly 07/01/1993
	GROWING WITH CLASSICAL MUSIC: A FIVE-YEAR PLAN FOR THE ELEMENTARY LISTENER Perceptive, responsive listening is fundamental to the musical sense.	Linda Kay Riihiluoma 07/01/1993
	INCORPORATING AUSTRALIAN CULTURE INTO AN ORFF SCHULWERK SEQUENCE Music education in Australia has often been criticized by teachers for relying on other cultures for its inspiration and content.	Graeme Webster 07/01/1993
	THE ABILITY OF KINDERGARTEN CHILDREN TO PERFORM A RHYTHMIC OSTINATO The purpose of this study was to measure the ability of kindergarten children to successfully perform a rhythmic ostinato while one or two additional rhythmic patterns were simultaneously occurring and a song was being sung.	Carol S. Schultz 07/01/1993
	OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION IN THE KODÁLY CLASSROOM: A LESSON DESIGN The purpose of this paper was to provide music unit outcomes for rhythmic and melodic Kodály-based concepts presented in the second grade.	Doris Porisch McNamara 07/01/1993
	The Effect of Four Musical Stimuli on the Pitch-Matching Accuracy of Children in Grades One and Four The purpose of this study was to determine how four different pitch stimuli affected the ability of children in grades one and four to match pitches.	Bruce Abbe 06/01/1993
	THE EFFECTS OF THE KODÁLY APPROACH VERSUS THE GORDON-WOODS JUMP RIGHT IN APPROACH ON CHANGING THE TONAL AND RHYTHM APTITUDE OF FIRST GRADERS This study compares the changes in musical aptitude scores of first graders who were taught the Gordon-Woods Jump Right In curriculum with first graders who were taught using a Kodály approach.	Jean P. Tobisch 06/01/1993
	Integrating Students with Hearing Impairments into a Participatory Music Classroom This multi-sensory approach to music education benefited all students, regardless of their learning style or special need.	Judy L. Cooper 05/01/1993
	SUCCESSFUL MAINSTREAMING OF CHILDREN WITH PROBLEM BEHAVIOR: WHAT SHOULD A MUSIC TEACHER KNOW? Public Law 94-142, which was established in 1975, insures that children with various learning and/or behavior disabilities will be mainstreamed into the least restrictive learning environment in which their needs will be met successfully.	Terolle L. Turnham 05/01/1993
	A BEGINNING STRING PROGRAM: THE BLENDING OF TRADITIONAL AND SUZUKI METHODOLOGIES As music educators we face some great challenges in the 1990’s.	Enid Hope Lang 05/01/1993
	Performance Assessment in the Elementary Music Classroom Performance assessment can be simply defined as tasks performed by the student which indicate to the teacher the scope of the students’ understanding and application of his/her learning in a particular subject area.	05/01/1993
	EFFECT OF PRACTICE AND MEDIA ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF KINDERGARTEN BEAT COMPETENCY The subject of this study was the Full Option Science System (FOSS) Scientific Thinking Processes and how science processing applies to teaching music in a science-based school.	Beth A. Evert 05/01/1993
	IS THERE A PLACE FOR OUTCOME-BASED EDUCATION IN THE MUSIC CLASSROOM? Outcome-Based Education (OBE) is based on the belief that ALL students can learn, but not necessarily at the same rate or in the same way.	Janet A. Freemore 12/05/1992
	Developing a Listening Library of American Music The purpose of this capstone project, “Developing a Listening Library of American Music,” is to create directed listening opportunities for elementary students.	Jody Osman Abboud 12/01/1992
	Do You See That Color or Hear That Color? Improving Comprehension of Artistic Concepts by Relating Visual Art and Music I believe this multi-sensory, multi-media approach can be valuable in improving comprehension of artistic elements and techniques, thus providing more meaningful arts experiences and enhanced appreciation for the arts.	Renee H. Bosshart-Sagmoe 12/01/1992
	AN INTEGRATED APPROACH: COMBINING ELEMENTS OF HMONG CULTURE AND MUSIC LEARNING ACTIVITIES FOR THE PRIMARY STUDENT The growing ethnic diversity of students continues to remind us that today’s music educators have an important role in the teaching of cultural understanding among our students.	Sonja R. England 12/01/1992
	Orff Schulwerk and Mary Helen Richards’ Education Through Music: A Compatible Combination?	Kathryn A. Bray 12/01/1992
	TEACHING FOR FLEXIBILITY OF THINKING IN THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CLASSROOM An ancient Chinese proverb states that if you give a man a fish, he can eat for a day.	Barbara Stender 11/01/1992
	THE EFFECT OF FOUR PITCH MODELS ON THE PITCH-MATCHING ACCURACY IN SINGING BY CHILDREN GRADES ONE THROUGH SIX The purpose of this investigation was to determine if there are differences in the pitch-making accuracy of children in grades one through six determined by four pitch stimuli.	Thomas A. Sletto 10/01/1992
	MUSIC OF GHANA: INCORPORATING WEST AFRICAN MUSIC INTO THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CURRICULUM As the world moves closer to a global community, music education needs to bring the world into the music classroom.	Michelle Marie Ehlers 07/01/1992
	MUSIC AND COOPERATIVE LEARNING: DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A LESSON PLAN FORMAT FOR THE ELEMENTARY MUSIC CLASSROOM July 1992 Students working cooperatively is the keystone to developing skills for cooperative interaction with other people in career, family, and community settings.	Diane Abbe Nielsen 07/01/1992
	SCHOOL BASED DECISION MAKING: SOME IMPLICATIONS FOR ELEMENTARY VOCAL MUSIC EDUCATION During the past decade there has been much discussion about the need for reform in the nation’s schools.	Norene M. Shephard 07/01/1992
	Cooperative Learning: Where is its Place in the Music Classroom? The cooperative skills learned in this manner will help to effectively teach music objectives while music helps to promote cooperation and interaction among students.	Anabel Christiansen 07/01/1992
	ENHANCING CLASSROOM MUSIC WITH PICTURE BOOKS Children’s picture books offer many opportunities for integrating language, visual art, movement and music in the teaching of music to first-grade children.	Margaret M. Hoffee 07/01/1992
	Multicultural Music Education: Bringing World Music to Elementary Students Music education by virtue of its all-cultural qualities can play a large role in the teaching of cultural understanding.	H. Janice Antholz 07/01/1992
	NEW OPTIONS TO ENHANCE TEACHING AND LEARNING The paper reviews the latest information on the function of the brain and the learning process.	Denise Kae Nelson 07/01/1992
	AN INTERGENERATIONAL MUSIC CLASS: MEETING NEEDS OF OLDER ADULTS AND CHILDREN THROUGH ORFF SCHULWERK The population of America is growing older. Elderly people are demanding appropriate programs and services.	Mary E. Gorder 07/01/1992
	The Ward Method of Music Education Anyone interested in the musical development of the child might benefit from understanding how Justine Ward went about accomplishing this in the Catholic schools	Judith A. Brezinski 06/01/1992
	The Use of the Orff Schulwerk Approach Versus the Traditional Method to Develop Music Creativity in Third Grade Students The purpose of the study was to determine if there were any differences in the growth of musical creativity in third-grade music students, two classes of which were taught through use of the Orff Schulwerk process (experimental), the other by more traditional means (control).	Judith S. Bishop 09/01/1991